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Tag Archives: Spinal Cord Imaging

Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis

Spondylolysis is a defect in the pars interarticularis, commonly involving the L5 and occasionally the L4 vertebrae. Most spondylolysis is thought to be produced by repetitive stress. The gravitational and muscular loads acting across the steep incline of the upper surface of the sacrum can be resolved into a shearing component, which tends to displace […]

Lumbar Spinal Stenosis and Foraminal Stenosis

Like cervical stenosis, lumbar spinal stenosis is frequently precipitated by disc degeneration with subsequent marginal osteophytosis of the vertebral body ends, hypertrophic degeneration of the facet joints, and bulging of the ligamenta flava. Lumbar stenosis may be lateral, central, or combined. The lower lumbar vertebrae normally have shorter pedicles that cause the superior articular processes […]

Cervical Spinal Stenosis and Foraminal Stenosis

Cervical spinal stenosis can be congenital or acquired. In the less common congenital stenosis, a small spinal canal is produced by short pedicles and thick laminae (62). It commonly remains asymptomatic until degenerative changes are superimposed on the congenital stenosis later in life. Acquired stenosis can be produced by a host of hyper- trophic degenerative […]

Cervical Disc Herniation

Disc herniation is typically preceded by degenerative changes in the mucopolysaccharides of the nucleus pulposus, which produce fibrillation of the collagen (60). This eventually causes dehydration and loss of disc volume. As a result, the nucleus pulposus no longer serves as a normal load-dispersing mechanism, and excessive stress is borne by the annulus fibrosus. This […]

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